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''Tulostoma'' is a genus of over 100 species of fungi in the family Agaricaceae. Commonly known as stalked puffballs, the cosmopolitan genus consists of species which produce small fruit bodies, characterized by stalks inserted in a socket at the base of the spherical spore-sac opened by a small and apical mouth. The spore-sac contains gleba, a mixture of spores and associated cells; at maturity, the spores are released through one or more apical pores. ''Tulostoma'' species prefer xeric microhabitats, savannahs and deserts, and are saprobic—obtaining nutrients by decomposing roots, buried wood and other organic material of plant origin.〔 The following list of 102 species is compiled from Jorge Eduardo Wright's 1987 world monograph on the ''Tulostomatales'', as well as reports of new taxa described in the literature published since then. Wright included 139 species in his monograph, including 47 "doubtful or critical" species. New species have since been reported from Spain (1992),〔 Mexico (1995),〔 Venezuela (2000),〔 Tunisia (2002),〔 China (2005),〔 and Argentina.〔 ==Infrageneric classification== Czech mycologist Zdeněk Pouzar elaborated an infrageneric (below the level of genus) system of classification for ''Tulostoma'' species in his 1958 monograph of European taxa.〔 Wright expanded and revised Pouzar's classification system to include all known species: ;Subgenus ''Tulostoma'' :Series ''Tubulares'' ::Section ''Brumalia'' ::Section ''Hyphales'' ::Section ''Granulosae'' ::Section ''Volvulata'' ::Section ''Meristostoma'' :Series ''Fimbriata'' ::Section ''Fimbriata'' ::Section ''Poculata'' ::Section ''Exasperata'' ::Section ''Dubiostoma'' ::Section ''Rickiana'' ;Subgenus ''Lacerostoma'' ::Section ''Lacerata'' 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of Tulostoma species」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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